Coptic Alphabet

ⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ — 32 letters

Vowels▶ Practice

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈɑlfɑ [ɑ] open back unrounded vowel /ɑ/
[e] close-mid front unrounded vowel /e/
ˈhɑːte [eː] long close-mid front vowel /eː/
jɑʊdɑ [i] close front unrounded vowel /i/
[o] close-mid back rounded vowel /o/
[w~u] labial approximant or vowel /w~u/
oːʊ [oː] long close-mid back vowel /oː/

Voiceless Stops▶ Practice

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈkɑpɑ [k] voiceless velar stop /k/
piː [p] voiceless bilabial stop /p/
tɑʊ [t] voiceless alveolar stop /t/

Voiced Stops

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈvidɑ [v] voiced labiodental fricative /v/ (Bohairic)
ˈɣɑmmɑ [ɡ~ɣ] voiced velar stop or fricative /ɡ~ɣ/
ˈdɑldɑ [d] voiced alveolar stop /d/

Aspirated Stops

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈtʰetʰe [tʰ] voiceless dental aspirated stop /tʰ/
fiː [f] voiceless labiodental fricative /f/ (< /pʰ/)
kʰiː [kʰ] voiceless velar aspirated stop /kʰ/

Fricatives▶ Practice

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈzɑtɑ [z] voiced alveolar fricative /z/
ˈsimɑ [s] voiceless alveolar fricative /s/

Nasals

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
miː [m] bilabial nasal /m/
niː [n] alveolar nasal /n/

Liquids

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈlɑʊlɑ [l] alveolar lateral approximant /l/
roː [r] alveolar trill /r/

Compound▶ Practice

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ˈeksi [ks] voiceless velar+alveolar cluster /ks/
ˈepsi [ps] bilabial+alveolar cluster /ps/
soʊ [s] numeral letter (=6), archaic /s/

Demotic-derived▶ Practice

LowerUpperNameSoundDescription
ϣ Ϣ ʃɑɪ [ʃ] voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/
ϥ Ϥ fɑɪ [f] voiceless labiodental fricative /f/
ϧ Ϧ xɑɪ [x] voiceless velar fricative /x/ (Bohairic only)
ϩ Ϩ hoːri [h] voiceless glottal fricative /h/
ϫ Ϫ dʒɑndʒɑ [dʒ] voiced postalveolar affricate /dʒ/
ϭ Ϭ tʃimɑ [tʃ] voiceless postalveolar affricate /tʃ/
ϯ Ϯ tiː [ti] alveolar stop+vowel cluster /ti/

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